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Margin of Safety

Risk-Averse Value Investing Strategies for the Thoughtful Investor

Protect your downside first, and the upside takes care of itself.

by Seth A. Klarman

Seth Klarman lays out a risk-averse approach to value investing, centered on buying assets well below their intrinsic value to leave a cushion against error. He critiques speculation and short-term market behavior while emphasizing capital preservation and patient discipline. The book is prized as a rigorous statement of the margin-of-safety philosophy.

Founders constantly weigh risk against ambition, and Klarman's discipline of protecting the downside before chasing returns is a sober counterweight to hype-driven decision making. His focus on intrinsic value and avoiding permanent loss maps to how founders should think about runway, bets, and capital.

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