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Money, pricing & unit economics

What's a good LTV:CAC ratio, and when is my D2C brand actually profitable?

Compute LTV on contribution profit (not revenue), and the classic benchmark is a 3:1 LTV:CAC with CAC payback inside roughly 3-6 months; below ~1:1 you're paying to lose customers, far above 4-5:1 you're probably under-investing in growth. But ratios are a diagnostic, not the finish line: a D2C brand is genuinely profitable only when CM3 covers fixed costs (team, tech, overheads) - i.e. positive EBITDA - and repeat purchase is doing real work. In categories where people buy once a year, LTV is thin and you have to win on order one.

Go deeper

4 resources, 1 India-specific, 4 link-checked.

📄 Article
✓ Link checked Free Intermediate

The canonical investor's-eye view of why LTV:CAC drives valuation, and why 3:1 became the rule of thumb. Read it to understand what a growth-stage investor is really testing when they poke at your unit economics.

Why Do Investors Care So Much About LTV:CAC?

From a16z.com by Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)

  • LTV should be computed on gross/contribution profit, not revenue.
  • Roughly 3x LTV:CAC signals efficient sales-and-marketing returns.
  • Higher LTV:CAC compounds into higher margins and higher valuation.
Open a16z.com
📄 Article
✓ Link checked Free Intermediate

The classic investor vocabulary for CAC, LTV, gross margin and the metrics that get misused in decks. Even though it's SaaS-flavoured, it's the shared language your investors speak, so it pays to know exactly what each term means and how it gets gamed.

16 Startup Metrics

From a16z.com by Andreessen Horowitz (a16z)

  • Precise definitions for CAC, LTV, gross margin and burn.
  • Common ways founders unintentionally misstate each metric.
  • The baseline vocabulary investors expect you to use correctly.
Open a16z.com
📄 Article
✓ Link checked Free Intermediate

A thorough operator guide that walks contribution margin, CAC, LTV and payback with benchmarks across DTC verticals - handy for setting expectations by category. Good breadth for founders who want the full glossary plus numbers in one place.

Unit Economics for DTC Brands: The Complete Guide

From topgrowthmarketing.com by Top Growth Marketing

  • Benchmarks vary sharply by vertical (beauty vs apparel vs F&B vs supplements).
  • Payback period under ~90 days is a common healthy target.
  • Connects each metric to a concrete decision, not just a definition.
Open topgrowthmarketing.com
📄 Article
✓ Link checked India Free Beginner

Sauce.vc writes first cheques into pre-revenue Indian consumer brands - this traces how their thesis evolved as they followed portfolio companies from zero revenue into genuine growth stage, a useful map of what an investor watches for at each step.

From Pre-Revenue to Growth: How Sauce.vc's Thesis Kept Up With India's D2C Boom

From inc42.com by Inc42

  • Sauce.vc positions itself as a first-cheque, long-term partner for consumer brands, not a spray-and-pray fund.
  • Their thesis centres on India's domestic consumption story specifically.
  • Shows how an early-stage thesis needs to evolve as a portfolio brand scales toward growth stage.
Open inc42.com

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