Find & validate your idea
Find a problem worth solving, then prove people want it before you build.
What founders use for find & validate your idea, ranked by how many answers lean on it.
- Graham names the three things that actually convince investors: formidable founders, a promising market, and (usually) evidence... Paul Graham Essay · ~15 min read How to Convince Investors Paul Graham
- This is the sharpest short statement of the trade you are weighing: if you bet on a trend before the market exists, the... Chris Saad, Startup Snippets Essay · ~5 min read Being too early is the same as being wrong Chris Saad
- This is a clean, concrete example of reading a policy change as demand rather than a headache. Instead of treating new rules as... Andreessen Horowitz (a16z) Article · ~15 min read Brazil's Surprising Fintech Tailwind Angela Strange and Flora Oliveira
- For B2B founders, a signed letter of intent is the cheapest way to turn "this sounds useful" into a costly commitment before... Learning Loop Article Product Experiment: Letter of Intent, What it is, How it Works, Examples Learning Loop
- This is the sharpest short framework for the exact question: is the problem a nice-to-have (vitamin) or something people are... brianrhea.com Essay · About a 7 minute read Are You Building a Vitamin or a Painkiller? Why Painkillers Always Win Brian Rhea
- For a two-sided marketplace, the first real decision is which side to define and win first, and this essay makes the case... NFX Essay · Long read (about 25 minutes) 19 Tactics to Solve the Chicken-or-Egg Problem and Grow Your Marketplace James Currier
- Hoffman and Yeh explain why owning a market densely can beat covering more ground thinly, because network effects and local... Currency (Penguin Random House) Book · 336 pages Blitzscaling: The Lightning-Fast Path to Building Massively Valuable Companies Reid Hoffman and Chris Yeh
- Janz's animals framework (mice, rabbits, deer, elephants, whales) reframes the whole niche question around one thing: what does... The Angel VC (Christoph Janz, Point Nine Capital) Essay · Long essay, roughly 15 to 20 minutes Five ways to build a $100 million business Christoph Janz
- This is the deepest practical treatment of pulling the job out of a customer's behavior rather than their words. Moesta... Lioncrest Publishing Book · About 220 pages Demand-Side Sales 101: Stop Selling and Help Your Customers Make Progress Bob Moesta and Greg Engle
- This widens the question from data and code to the real issue: what does it mean to build your livelihood on ground you do not... Medium (Ryan Frederick) Essay · 6 minute read Building On Someone Else's Platform Ryan Frederick
- This is the plainest, most credible list of the traps that keep founders from their first customers, written by the people who... Y Combinator Startup Library Article Biggest mistakes first-time founders make Y Combinator (Michael Seibel)
- When you are the only one selling something like your product, cost-plus and competitor benchmarks give you nothing to anchor... Wiley (2016) Book · Book, ~240 pages Monetizing Innovation: How Smart Companies Design the Product Around the Price Madhavan Ramanujam and Georg Tacke
- Most first 100 users advice is vague. This piece is the opposite: it groups the real cold start tactics into seven concrete... Lenny's Newsletter Article · About a 15 minute read How the biggest consumer apps got their first 1,000 users Lenny Rachitsky
- This is the canonical source of the ship-ugly-first idea, the LinkedIn co-founder's own essay behind the line about being... LinkedIn Essay · About a 6 minute read If There Aren't Any Typos In This Essay, We Launched Too Late Reid Hoffman
- A business built on a few big enterprise deals quietly builds a trap: if one account walks, your revenue caves. This piece... Lighter Capital Essay How SaaS Startups Can Minimize Customer Concentration Risk Lighter Capital
- Most startup books assume you want to raise, hire, and scale, which quietly pressures you to quit early and go big. Jarvis... Penguin Books Book · ~272 pages Company of One: Why Staying Small Is the Next Big Thing for Business Paul Jarvis
- This is the sharpest short answer to the real fear behind the question: how do I not go broke funding this. Graham reframes the... paulgraham.com Essay · ~1,200 words, about a 6 minute read Ramen Profitable Paul Graham
- This nails the discipline behind the highlight reel: with prospects you share momentum factually without handing over what they... Lenny's Newsletter Article · 20 min read Raising a seed round 101 Lenny Rachitsky with First Round
- This is the cleanest map of the three ways co-founders actually decide things: consensus, functional expertise (your domain,... edbatista.com Essay · 12 min read On Co-Founder Decision-Making Ed Batista
- This is the primary source, not a blog summary of it, and it does both jobs your answer needs in about two pages: the one-way... Amazon (aboutamazon.com) Essay · 12 min read 2016 Letter to Shareholders (High-Velocity Decision Making) Jeff Bezos
- This is the exact playbook behind our answer. Executive coach Rachel Lockett prescribes a cadence of relationship-only meetings... First Round Review Article · ~20 min read Renew Your Co-Founder Vows, and Other Tactics for Strengthening the Most Important Relationship in Your Startup Rachel Lockett (via First Round Review)
- Graham's answer to "how do I plan when I can't know what's coming" is to stop treating the future as knowable at all. He argues... paulgraham.com Essay · ~10 min read How to Be an Expert in a Changing World Paul Graham
- This is the framework for acting decisively without certainty. Duke, a former pro poker player, teaches founders to judge the... First Round Review Article · ~20 min read The Tactical Guide to Making Better Decisions When Starting and Scaling Companies Annie Duke (via First Round Review)
- Graham dismantles the exact objection you are facing: the fear that quitting is reckless. His move is to treat your family's... paulgraham.com Essay · 25 min read Why to Not Not Start a Startup Paul Graham
The questions
Finding & shaping ideas 18
Find a problem worth years of your life.
I want to start a startup but I don't have an idea. Where do I even begin?
19 →
How do I come up with startup ideas that aren't just 'Uber for X'?
19 →
Should I solve a problem I personally have, or chase a bigger market?
19 →
How do I know if my idea is a real problem or just a 'nice to have'?
19 →
I have too many ideas. How do I pick which one to actually work on?
19 →
All 18 questions in Finding & shaping ideas →
Validating your idea 21
Get evidence before you write code.
What does 'validating an idea' actually mean?
20 →
How do I know if my idea is any good?
18 →
How do I validate an idea without building anything?
18 →
How do I talk to customers without getting false positives?
19 →
How many people should I talk to, and how do I find them?
17 →
All 21 questions in Validating your idea →
Market size & timing 18
Is it big enough, and why now?
How big does my market need to be for this to be a real business?
19 →
What are TAM, SAM, and SOM and how do I actually calculate them?
18 →
Why does 'why now?' matter so much for a startup idea?
17 →
My market is small right now but growing fast. Is that a problem?
16 →
How do I size a market for India specifically when data is messy?
19 →
All 18 questions in Market size & timing →
Founder-market fit 17
Why you, and why this problem?
What is founder-market fit and how do I know if I have it?
18 →
Do I need to be an expert in an industry to start a company in it?
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I'm passionate about an idea but have zero background in it. Should I still do it?
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How much does 'why you?' actually matter to investors and to success?
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As a woman founder, or one building outside the big startup hubs, how do I turn my background into an edge?
19 →
All 17 questions in Founder-market fit →
Spotting trends & opportunities 18
Live in the future and build what's missing.
How do I spot trends early enough to build a startup on them?
20 →
How do I tell the difference between a real trend and a passing fad?
20 →
Everyone says the next big thing looks like a toy. What does that actually mean?
16 →
Where do I look to find emerging opportunities before they're obvious?
19 →
What are the biggest emerging opportunities in India right now?
18 →
All 18 questions in Spotting trends & opportunities →
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